Might lead to some resentment between Turkey and Russia, but I must admit to finding online claims to this being the start of World War 3 to be laughable. This will blow over as with every day the conflict in Syria grabs more headlines and moves the focus away from this incident.
I don't think much will come of it, except Turkey probably won't be well regarded by Russians for a few years. But that wouldn't make much difference. These sort of foreign policy changes happen a lot, such as the death of Alexander Litvinenko which soured Anglo-Russian relations for a time but in the long term had very little impact on foreign policy.